Napoleon Bonaparte |napoleon bonaparte french revolution|

 Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 - 5 May 1821) was a French military leader and a Corsican-born political leader. He became famous during the French Revolution and led many successful. Like Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon ruled Europe and the world for more than a decade while leading France against Napoleonic wars. He won most of these wars and his many wars, as he built the great empire that ruled continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. One of the greatest leaders in history, his wars and napoleon height napoleon bonaparte biography campaigns are taught in military schools all over the World. He remains one of the most influential and controversial figures in human history

Napoleon

Napoleon was a powerful and influential force in the modern world, introducing liberal reforms in many lands that he conquered and a. He applied the basic principles of freedom throughout France and Western Europe [b] His lasting legal success, the Napoleonic Code, had a 1. Roberts says, "The ideas that support our modern world - fairness, legal equality, property rights, religious toler. Logical and effective localization, the end of domestic crime, the promotion of science and art, the abolition of the monarchy, and the uni... when did napoleon die napoleon bonaparte french revolution.

Napoleon de Bonaparte was born on the island of Corsica shortly after the discovery of the Kingdom of France, a humble Napoleon family . He founded the French Revolution in 1789 while serving in the French army, and he tried to spread the same message in his native Corsica. He soon revolted from the army after rescuing the ruling French Directory by shooting the royal rebels. In April 1796, he embarked on his first military campaign against the Austrians and their Italian allies, winning a series of strong . Two years later, he led a military campaign to Egypt that served as a base for political power. louis bonaparte michel ney

He protested in November 1799 and became the first lawyer for the Republic. Successful disagreements with the British meant that the French were facing the Third World War in 1805. Napoleon disbanded the alliance with a powerful victory over the Ulm campaign, and also a historic victory in the Battle of Austerli. The Roman Empire. In 1806, the Fourth Alliance defended him as Prussia was concerned about the growing influence of France on the continent. exterminated the Russians in June 1807 in Friedland, and forced the defeated Fourth Alliance countrie. Two years later, the Austrians challenged the French again during the Fifth World War, but Napoleon strengthened. horatio nelson 1st viscount n jean lannes.

Hoping to expand the Continental System (British ban), Napoleon invaded Iberia and proclaimed his. The Spaniards and the Portuguese rebelled against British support. The Korean Peninsula War lasted six years, and it was marked by a brutal terrorist attack, which ended with Napoleon's defeat. Napoleon began its invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The campaign saw the catastrophic decline of Napoleon's large army and encouraged his enemies. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined the Russian army in the Sixth Coalition against France. The tumultuous military campaign ended with the defeat of Napoleon's largest army at the Battle of Leipzig in October 1813. The Allies invaded France and took over Paris, forcing Napoleon to resign in April 1814.

Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba, between Corsica and Italy. In France, the Bourbons were restored to power. However, Napoleon fled to Elba in February 1815 and took France. The Allies responded by forming the Seventh Alliance, which eventually defeated Napoleon in . The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 met with shock and grief throughout Europe.

Past life

Posing the hand inside the waistcoat 
was often used in portraits of rulers 

to indicate calm and stable leadership.

Napoleon's family was of Italian descent: his ancestors, Bonapartes, came from a respectable small Tuscan family who moved to Corsica in the 16th century; While, his maternal ancestors, Ramolinos, came from a respectable family from a young man from Genoa. The Bonapartes were also related, by marriage and birth, to the Petracentas, Costas, Paraviscines, and Bonillaises, all of whom were Corsican families from within. His parents, Carlo María de Bonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino kept the house of his grandparents called "Casa Bonaparte" in Ajaccio. Napoleon was born there on August 15, 1769, their fourth child and third son. The boy and girl were born prematurely but died young. He had an older brother, Joseph, and younger brothers, Lucien, Elisa, Louis, Pauline, Caroline, and Jerome. Napoleon was baptized as a Catholic, under the name Napoleon. In his youth, his name was also spelled Napoleon, Napoleon, Napoleon and Napoleon. jerome bonaparte

Napoleon was born the same year when the Republic of Genoa granted Corsica to France. The country sold its sovereignty a year before his birth in 1768, and France invaded the island in the year he was born and was officially declared a province in 1770, after 500 years under Genoa's rule and 14 years of independence. [C] Napoleon's parents joined the Corsican opposition and fought against the French to preserve freedom, even though Maria was pregnant. His father was a lawyer and was appointed to represent Corsica in the court of Louis XVI in 1777. jeanded soult

The greatest influence of Napoleon's childhood was his mother, his strong discipline that prevented an angry child. Later in her life Napoleon said, "The future of a child is always a mother's business." Napoleon's grandmother married a Swiss Fisch family in her second marriage, and Napoleon's uncle, Cardinal Joseph Fish. He plays the role of protector of the Bonaparte family for several years. Napoleon's fine and wealthy background provided some opportunities for study than were found in the medieval Corsicans. napoleon bonaparte french revolution

At the age of nine, he moved to mainland France and enrolled in a religious school in Autun in January 1779. In May, he transferred a scholarship to a military school in Bryn-le-Château. In his youth he was a man who spoke of Corsican nationalism and supported national liberation from France. [Better source needed Like many Corsicans, Napoleon spoke and learned Corsican (like his mother tongue) and Italian (as the official language of Corsica). He began studying French at school at the age of ten. Although he spoke fluent French, he spoke a different Corsican style and never learned to spell French fluently. However, it was not an isolated case, as it was estimated in 1790 that fewer than three million people, out of 28 million people, could speak common French, and those who could write it were less. when did napoleon die

Napoleon was often harassed by his peers for his insistence, place of birth, short stature, conduct, and lack of fluency in French. Bonaparte restrained himself and became bitter, devoting himself to learning. One of the inspectors noted that Napoleon "has always been outstanding in his use of mathematics. He has a history and a world ... This boy will be a great sailor." As a young man, he had intended to become a writer. He wrote The History of Corsica and a short love novel.

After graduating from Brienne in 1784, Napoleon was admitted to the olecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. He trained as a weapons officer, and when his father's death reduced his earnings, he was forced to complete two years' training in one year. He was the first Corsican to graduate from military school. It was studied by renowned scientist Pierre Simon Laplace napoleon bonaparte biography.

Post the post

Upon his graduation in September 1785, Bonaparte was offered the position of second lawyer in the Lafer Artillery Regi. This time he asked permission to join his adviser Pasquale Pauli, while the National Assembly allowed the last one to return to Corsica. Paul did not sympathize with Napoleon even though he viewed his father as a traitor by abandoning his Corsica autonomy case.

He spent the first years of the revolution in Corsica, fighting a complex three-pronged struggle between the royalists, the. However, Napoleon embraced revolutionary intentions, became a supporter of Jacobin and joined . He was commissioned to command an army of volunteers and was promoted to captain of the army in July 1792, although he took a leave of absence and led a riot . with Paul, who decided to undermine the Corsican contribution to the Expédition de Sardaigne, by preventing a French invasion of . Bonaparte and his family were forced to flee to Toulon, France, in June 1793 because of separation from Paul.

Although he was born "Napoleon de Bonaparte", it was then that Napoleon began to make his own "Napoleon Bonaparte" but his family did not leave the. The first known record of signing his name as Bonaparte was in that 27 year (1796)

Emperor of France

While in Egypt, Bonaparte became acquainted with European affairs. It was found that France was defeated in a series of Second World War series. On August 24, 1799, he took advantage of a brief voyage on the British coastal port of France to France, although he did not receive any orders from Paris. He left the army under the command of Jean-Baptiste Kléber.

Unbeknownst to Bonaparte, the guide sent him instructions to return to being delivered. By the time he arrived in Paris in October, France's situation had improved, with a series of victories. The republic, however, collapsed and the ineffective testimony was unpopular with the French. The guide said Bonaparte had "rebelled" but was too weak to punish him.

Despite failing in Egypt, Napoleon has returned to welcome the heroes. He formed an alliance with director Emmanuel Joseph Cies, his brother Lucien, chairman of the 500-student Stude... Napoleon became the "first ambassador" for ten years, appointing two lawyers who only had advisory votes. His authority was confirmed by the new Constitution of the "Eighth Year", originally established by Sieyès to give Napoleon a second. The constitution lasted the emergence of the Republic, but it was in fact the basis of dictatorship.

Napoleon founded a political system that historian Martin Fearing the democratic forces created by a. He drafted the eighth-year constitution and confirmed his election instead of being the first ambassad. The constitution was adopted in a fraudulent public survey the following January, with 99.94 percent

Lucien, Napoleon's brother, made illegal affidavits to show the three million people who took part in the survey. The actual number was 1.5 million. Politicians at the time assumed that the number of eligible French voters was nearly five million, so the state doubled its voting policy to. During the first few months of the embassy, ​​while war continued to rage in Europe and internal instability engulfed .

In the spring of 1800, Napoleon and his troops crossed the Swiss Alps to Italy, intending to surprise Austrian troops who were once again on the penin. [Also] After a difficult crossing of the Alps, the French army [93] entered the plains of northern Italy almost without resistance. As the French army approached the north, the Austrians were under the control of an army stationed at Genoa, which was surrounded by a large army. The brutal resistance of this French army, led by André Massena, gave the northern army some time to carry out its duties without much interruptio.

Exile in Santa Helena

The British captured Napoleon on the island of Saint Helena in the Atlantic Ocean, 1,870 miles (1,162 mi) off the west coast of Africa. They also took precautionary measures by sending a small military base to Saint Helena and the deserted Ascensio.

Napoleon was transferred to Longwood House in Santa Helena in December 1815; It falls into trouble, the site is wet, windy and dirty. The Times published articles suggesting that the British government was trying to speed up his death. Napoleon often compla colleagues complained of "colds, flu, wet floors, and adverse conditions." Modern scholars have speculated that his subsequent illness may have been caused by arsenic poisoning caused by copper a.

With a small group of fans, Napoleon called for his diaries and lamented the living conditions. be allowed when talking about his monarchy, and said that his supporters had signed a pledge that they would stay with the prisoner permanently. During the dinner party, the men were expected to wear military uniforms and the women appeared "in evening gowns and precious stones. That was a clear denial of the circumstances of his arrest."

While in exile, Napoleon wrote a book about Julius Caesar, one of his greatest heroes. He also studied English taught by the stories of Count Emmanuel de Las with the great intention of being able to read English newspapers. jeanbapti bes

There were rumors about the sites and even his escape from Santa Helena, but in reality, no major efforts were made. To the English poet Lord Byron, Napoleon was an example of a hero of love, persecuted intelligence, loneliness, and shame. napoleon height

There have been recent studies supporting the initial results of autopsy. In a 2008 study, researchers analyzed Napoleon's hair samples throughout his life, as well as samples from his family and others who lived du. All the samples contained high levels of arsenic, almost 100 times the current level. Acccaused by deliberately toxic poisoning; People were exposed to arsenic from binders and. [H] A study published in 2007 and 2008 denied the evidence that arsenic was toxic and confirmed evidence that ulcers with peptic ulcer and .

debt

Napoleon was baptized in Ajaccio on July 21, 1771. He was raised a Catholic but did not believe much. As an adult, Napoleon was a deity who believed in a non-existent and distant God. Even so, he was deeply grateful for the power of organized religion in social and political affairs, and he was keenly interested in linking . He noted the influence and splendor of Catholic culture.

Napoleon married the community to Josephine de Bouharnier, outside of a religious ceremony. Napoleon was installed emperor on December 2, 1804 in Notre-Dame de Paris in a ceremony hosted by Pope Pius VII. The night before the anointing, at the instigation of Pope Pius VII, a special religious wedding was held for Napoleon and Josephine. Cardinal Fish gave the wedding. The marriage was annulled by the courts under Napoleon's jurisdiction in January 1810. On April 1, 1810, Napoleon married Austrian princess Marie Louise in a Catholic ceremony. Napoleon was expelled from the Catholic Church but was later reconciled to the Church before his death in 1821. While in exile in Saint Helena, it is recorded that he said, “I know men, and I tell you that Jesus Christ is not a man. ”Against Mahmoud Voltaire. jeanded soult

It is not well known that Napoleon started out as a Freemason. :Louis was crowned Viceroy Grand Master in 1805; Jerome is named Grand Master of the Great East of Westphalia; Joseph was appointed General Manager of Grand Orient de France; Lucian

Character

Historians stress the intensity of Napoleon's desire for a mysterious village to rule most of Europe. In-depth studies of his early life concluded that, until he was two years old, he was "in good spirits". His older brother, Joseph, often received the care of his mother, which made Napoleon stronger and stronger. During his early years in school, he was brutally harassed by his classmates because of his Corsican identity and French . To cope with the pressure, he became an alcoholic and eventually suffered the humiliation of losing his temper.

George F. Rudi emphasizes "an extraordinary combination of will, understanding and physical strength". In each case, he often had to induce people to become complacent, as it were, and he seemed to be getting the better of the leaders. He understood martial arts, but he was not the founder of the area. [253] He was proficient in using French, financial, and communications resources. He could quickly order a series of complex orders for his subordinates, remembering when the major units were expected to be in the future, and as a ch

Napoleon maintained a strong and efficient work ethic, prioritizing what needed to be done. He was cheating on the cards, but he paid what was lost; He had to overcome all his efforts. Keep transferring staff and secretary to work. Unlike many generals, Napoleon did not examine history and ask how Hannibal, Alexander, or anyone else in a similar situation did. Critics say he has won many battles by chance. Napoleon responded, "Give me the lucky generals," arguing that "good luck" comes to leaders who see this opportunity, and use it. Dwyer noted that Napoleon's victories over Austerlitz and Jena in 1805-1806 boosted his confidence, making him more confident in his fate and his resilience. "I am a racemaker" once boasted, considering himself the heir of ancient Rome.

In terms of influencing events, it was Napoleon’s top character who started working. He reorganized France to provide men with military funding. He was urging his men - The governor of Wellington said his presence on the battlefield was worth 40,000 soldiers, as he encouraged confidence from the military to the military pilots. It also aroused enemy feelings. At the Battle of Auerstadt in 1806, King Frederick William III of Prussia surpassed the French army by 63,000 to 27,000; However, when he was mistakenly told that Napoleon was in charge, he ordered a quick retreat that turned out to be defeat. The power of his character has reduced the difficulty of materialism as his soldiers struggle with the confidence that they will surely defeat Napoleon in power.

Wives, Wives, and Children

Napoleon married Josephine (née Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie) in 1796, when she was 26 years old; She was a 32-year-old widow, and her first husband, Alexandre de Poharne, was executed during the terrorist regime. Five days after the death of Alexandre de Bouharnier, the founder of the Reign of Terror Maximilian de Robespierre was overthrown and executed, and with the help of high-ranking friends, Josephine was released. Until he met Bonaparte, he was known as "Rose," a name he did not like. He called her "Josephine" instead, and it went by that name from now on. Bonaparte used to send him love letters during his election campaign. He officially adopted his son Eugene and his second cousin (married) Stephanie and arranged for royal weddings. Josephine gave birth to a daughter, Hortense, by marrying her brother Napoleon Louis.

Josephine had lovers, such as Lieutenant Hippolyte Charles, during Napoleon's campaign in Italy. Napoleon heard about it and the British took his book and published it widely to embarrass Napoleon. Napoleon also had his own stories: during the Egyptian campaign, Pauline Bellis Fioris, the wife of a minor, took his wife. She is known as "Cleopatra". napoleon height

While Napoleon's wives had children with him, Josephine did not give birth to an heir, probably because of the pressure of his imprisonment during a panic attack or a miscarriage that he may have had in his twenties. Napoleon chose to divorce so that he could remarry in search of an heir. Despite her divorce from Josephine, Napoleon showed her devotion to her for the rest of her life. Upon hearing the news of his death while in exile in Elba, he locked himself in his room and did not leave for two full days. His name will be his last word on the death bed in 1821.

On March 11, 1810, he married 19-year-old Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, and Marie Antoinette's nephew. Therefore, she married a German royal family and a royal family. Louise was even happier