Taj Mahal Story |Taj Mahal Facts|

 The Taj Mahal's "palace" crown, originally Rauza-i-munawwara is a white ivory marble on the southern bank of the Yamuna River in the Indian city of Agra. It was sent in 1632 by Mughal taj mahal story Emperor Shah Jahan (who ruled from 1628 to 1658) to bury the grave of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal; There is also the tomb of Shah Ja. The cemeteries which includes a Muslim church and a guesthouse, and is set up in organized gardens enclosed on three sides by an adjoining wall. taj mahal facts

Taj Mahal

The mausoleum was completed in 1643, but work continued on other stages of the project for another ten years. The Taj Mahal building is believed to have been completed in 1653 at a cost of about $ 32 million, and by 2020 it will be $ 70 billion (about $ 956 million). The construction project employs about 20,000 professionals under the direction of the . taj mahal inside

The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 as "the treasure of Islamic art in India and the magnificent art of world heritage." The Taj Mahal attracts between seven and eight million visitors annually, and in Wonders of the World (2000-2007) was announced.

the science of the origin of words

Abd al-Hamid Lahuri, in his book from 1636 Badshnamah, refers to the Taj Mahal as Rosa Munawara (Persian-Arabic: Rawda Munawar.

The name now used, Taj Mahal, comes from the Persian Taj Mahal, meaning "Taj" (Taj) "place" (Mahal). Maħall is also the head of Mumtaz Mahal, Shahah Jahan built a mausoleum for him.

Inspiration - inspiration

Taj Mahal was authorized by Shah Jahan in 1631, to be built in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died on June 17 of that year, while giving birth . Construction began in 1632, the mausoleum was completed in 1648, and the surrounding buildings and garden were. tajmahal ticket

And architecture and design

The Taj Mahal integrates and expands the traditions of Indo-Islamic architectural design and early Ma. Special inspiration came from the successful Timurid and Humayun's tomb that promoted Sharbagh gardens and Hash Behesht's plan (buildings) of the site, Itmad Tomb of the child), and the Great Mosque of Shahan Jahan in Delhi. While in the past Mughal buildings were made mainly of red stone, Shah Jahan encouraged the use of white marble covered with mineral stones. The buildings under him were reaching new heights of development taj mahal definition

It is the grave

The tomb is the cornerstone of the entire Taj Mahal complex. It is a large white marble structure shaped like a square and consists of an equal structure with an iwan (arch-shaped door) wrapped around a large wall and end. Like many Mughal tombs, the basic elements come from Hindus.

The basic building is a large multi-chambered cube with dotted corners forming an eight-dimensional building about 55 meters (180 ft) on four long sides. Each side of the iwan is enclosed by a large tree or a spiral passage with two balconies with arches of the same shape placed on either side. The structure of the integrated towers is repeated in computerized corner areas, making the structure evenly spaced on all sides of the building. Four minarets lay the tomb, one at each corner of the base facing the protruding corners. The main room holds the fake boxes of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. Real graves are low

The most notable feature is the marble dome above the tomb. The dome is 35 meters (115 meters) high and is close to the height of the foundation, and is reinforced by a "cylinder" seat on which it sits, which is 7 meters high. Because of its shape, the dome is often called the onion dome or amroud (guava dome), and the top is decorated with a lotus design that works to highlight its height. The shape of the dome is emphasized by four small houses (kiosks) placed in their corners, which mimic the onion shape of a large dome. The dome is slightly uneven. Their combined foundations open up to the roof of the tomb and bring light inside. Long decorated circles (guldastas) extend from the edges of the base wall, and provide a visual guarantee of the height of the dome. The state of the lotus is repeated in both satris and guldastas. The dome and chattris have a combined finish that incorporates traditional Persian and Hindustani ornaments.

Visiting the Taj Mahal

The main end was originally made of gold but was replaced by a copper copy made in the early 19th century. This feature provides a clear example of the combination of traditional Persian and Hindu ornaments, conquered by the moon, the Islamic pattern with its horns pointing to the sky.

Minarets, each more than 40 meters (130 feet) high, reflect the designer’s willingness to measure. They are designed as functional minarets - a traditional mosque item, used by the muezzin to invite Muslim believers to pray. Each minaret was successfully divided into three equal parts with two working libraries around the tower. At the top of the tower there is a final balcony fitted with chateaux which shows the shape of the one in the tomb. All gemstones share the same decorative elements of the lotus design combined with the integrated finish. Minarets are built on the outside of the plinth so that in the event of a fall, a typical event with a lot of high-rise construction, objects from the towers often fall far away from the grave taj mahal photo.

Exterior decorations

The Taj Mahal exterior is one of the finest in the history of Mughal architecture. As the surface changed, the decorations were improved evenly. Decorative materials are made using paint, stucco, stone inserts, or carvings. In line with the Islamic prohibition on the use of anthropomorphic forms, decorative objects can be divided into calligraphy, abstract, or floral motifs. In every complex there are passages from the Qur'an that contain certain decorative elements. Recent readings show that Amanat Khan has elected members.

The line at the Great Gate says: "Soul, you are free. Return to the Lord in peace with him, and he has peace with you." Calligraphy was invented in 1609 by calligrapher Abd al-Haq. Shah Jahan gave him the title "Amanat Khan" as a reward for his "extraordinary ingenuity". Near the lines of the Qur'an below the inner dome is the inscription "Written by the insignificant, Amanat Khan Shirazi". Most of the line consists of a three-pronged line made of jasper or black marble covered with white marble panels. The upper panels are marked with a larger font to minimize the effect of the skew when viewed below. The line at the marble cemetery is detailed and accurate.

Unusual shapes are used everywhere, especially on the base, in holes, gates, mosques, jaws, and on a small scale, on the roof of cemeteries. Houses and building blocks made of sandstone are decorated with panels that are designed to create more geometric shapes. Filling of the fish bones means the space between the many objects nearby. White inserts are used in sandstone structures, as well as black or black inserts in white marble. The plaster spaces of the marble structures are colored or painted in a different color making a complex list of geometric patterns. Stairs and walkways use different tiles or blocks of tessellation patterns.

On the lower walls of the tomb are white marble pots carved with low-quality paintings of flowers and vines. The marble has cooled to emphasize the fine carvings. The dado frames and archway wings are adorned with pietra dora paintings of almost geometric vines, flowers and fruits. Stones made of yellow marble, jasper and jade are polished and woven on the surface of the walls

Interior decoration

The interior of the crown room surpasses traditional decorative elements. The function of the inlay is not pietra-dura, but rather a gem and a gem. The interior room is an octagon with a design that allows access to all features, although the garden-facing door is used only to the south. The inner walls are about 25 feet (82 ft) high and are fitted with an inner faux dome adorned with sundress. The eighth floor of the bishtāq defines the space on the lower levels, and like the outside, each lower apartment is crowned with a second bishtāq in the middle of the wall. The upper porch of the main hall forms balconies or viewing areas, and each outside window on the porch contains a sophisticated balcony. The screen or gallery is cut from marble. In addition to the light emitted from the balcony sheets, the light penetrates into the angularly covered roof holes. The octagonal marble screen or jali crossing the cemetery is made of eight marble panels carved with intricately carved workmanship. The remaining area is rich in precious stones from vines, fruits, and flowers. The wall of each room is heavily decorated with dado relief pockets, intricate stone inserts and delicate calligraphy panels that show, in detail, the materials from all over the complex exterior.

Islamic tradition forbids the intricate decoration of tombs. Afterwards, the bodies of Mumtaz and Shah Jahan were placed in the basement of the inner room with their face to the right near Mecca. The Mumtaz Mahal monument is located in the center of the inner room of a 1.5 m by rectangular by 1.5 m (4 ft 11 by 8 ft 2 in). Both the base and the sarcophagus are set in detail with gemstones and gemstones of equal value. Calligraphic texts in the box identify and praise Mumtaz. On the cover of the box is a top disc, covered with an emulsion disc that aims to lift the writing tablet. The Shahan Jahan monument is located on the beautiful western side and is the only visible object of immeasurable complexity. His box is larger than his wife's suoleum, but it shows the same things: a large sarcophagus with very long legs adorned with precious stone and calligraphy on it. On the cover of the box is a traditional image of a small pen box.

A box of pens and a writing pad are traditional Mughal funeral decorations that adorn baskets

The garden The building is located 300 square meters (980 meters) of the great Charbagh or Mughal Park. The garden uses elevated walkways that divide each quarter of the park into 16 water-filled gardens or flower beds. In the center of the tomb and the gate in the middle of the garden is a high marble water tank with a display dam placed on the north-south axis to show the mausoleum. A raised marble water tank is called the Al Kawthar Basin, referring to the "overflowing lake" promised by Muhammad. For one thing, the garden is decorated in the form of a tree, divided by names and common sources of science. The Charbagh Garden, a design inspired by Persian gardens, was introduced in India by Babur, the first Mughal emperor. It depicts four flowing rivers of paradise and depicts a paradise garden taken from the Persian word paridaeza, meaning "walled garden". In the Sufi Islamic writings of the Mughal period, Paradise is described as a multistory garden with four rivers flowing from spring or mountain, separating the territory to the north, west, south, and east. Most Mughal charbagh is rectangular with a tomb or panel in the middle. Taj Mahal Park is unusual because the main object, the tomb, is located at the end of the park. With the discovery of Mahtab Bagh or the "Moonlight Garden" on the other side of Yamuna, an Indian archeological translation that the Yamuna River itself was included in the construction of the park and was to be regarded as one of the rivers from heaven. The similarity in design and construction of the buildings with Shalalimar Gardens suggests that both gardens may have been built by the same architect Ali Mardan. Previous garden accounts describe the abundance of vegetation, including many roses, daffodils, and fruit trees. As the Mughal Empire refused, so did the Taj Mahal and its gardens. By the end of the nineteenth century, the British Empire ruled over three-fifths of India, and took control of the Taj Mahal. They changed the landscape to their liking, which was very similar to the official suburbs of London Remote buildings

The Taj Mahal building is tied on three sides by a red stone wall. The side of the river is open. Outside the walls there are many additional shrines, including some of Shah Jehan's other wives, as well as the tomb of Mumtaz's beloved servant. The inner sides of the garden wall facing the colonies, a common feature of Hindu temples, later included in the Mughal churches. The wall was shot down by chattris houses and small buildings that may have seen viewing sites or towers such as the Music House, now used as a museum. The great gate (Darwaza) is a large marble structure, and it reminds us of the Mughal construction of ancient emperors. Its entrance shows the formation of the tomb wall, and its entrance includes drawings adorning the tomb. She uses bas-relief motifs and pietra dora with colorful flowers. Curved interior ceilings and walls have intricate elements of geometric designs such as those found in other intricate sandstone structures. At the far end of the building are two large red stone buildings facing the sides of the tomb. The building is shaped like a wall to the west and east. The western building is a Muslim church and another answer, and it is believed that it was built for the balance of buildings even though it may have been used as a guest house. The differences between the two buildings include the absence of a murab in the answer (a mihrab on the wall of a mosque facing Mecca), its floor geometry, and the floor of a Muslim church painted with 569 marble black rugby designs. The basic design of the mosque is similar to the long hall with three houses built by Shah Jahan, most notably the Jahan Numa Mosque, or Jama Masjid, in Delhi. Modern-day Moshal mosques divide the sanctuary into three sections, including the main monument and the small sanctuary on each side. In the Taj Mahal, each shrine is open to a large royal dome. The buildings were completed in 1643 Construction The Taj Mahal is located on a plot of land south of the walled city of Agra. Shah Jahan gave Maharaja Jai ​​Singh a huge palace in the middle of Agra overlooking the country, with an area of ​​about 1.2 hectares (3 acres), filled with soil to reduce leaks, excavated and estimated at 50 meters (160) feet above the river bank . In the area of ​​the cemetery, wells were dug and filled with stones and rubbish to form the foundations for the tombs. Instead of tied bamboo, workers built

Threats

In 1942, the government set up a shelter to cover the building in anticipation of an air raid by the Japanese Air Force. During the Indian and Pakistani wars of 1965 and 1971, a scaffold was rebuilt to mislead bombers.

The latest threats come from pollution on the banks of the Yamuna River, including acid rain due to Metro Oil Refinery, which was opposed by Indian . To help control air pollution, the Indian government has created the "Taj Trapezium District (TTZ)", an area of ​​10,400 square kilometers (4,000 square kilometers) around the monument where there are strict evacuation rates.

Concerns about the integrity of the tomb building have been raised recently due to the low groundwater table in the Yamuna River Basin which a. In 2010, cracks in some parts of the cemetery were broken, and the tall stones around the monument showed signs of tilt, as the wooden base of the tomb was li. Politicians have shown, however, that minarets are designed to slide out slightly to prevent them from colliding in the grave in the event of an earthquake. In 2011, it was reported that other estimates indicated that the grave could collapse within five years.

Minor minaret found in two outdoor buildings was reported to have been damaged by the storm on April 11, 2018. On May 31, 2020, another devastating storm caused damage to the building.

tourism

The Taj Mahal attracts a large number of tourists. UNESCO recorded more than two million visitors in 2001, [59] which rose to 7-8 million in 2014. There is a dual pricing system, with very low entry rates for Indian citizens and high costs for Indian citizens. Gentiles. In 2018, the income of Indian citizens was INR 50, for foreign tourists 1,100 INR. Most visitors visit it during the cooler months of October, November, and February. Traffic pollution is not allowed near the complex and visitors must walk from the parking lot or take an electric bus. Khawasspuras (Northern Squares) is currently being reintroduced for use as a new tourist center. In 2019, in order to address over-tourism, the site imposed a fine on tourists staying more than three hours.

The small town south of the Taj Mahal, known as the Taj Ganji or Mumtazabad, was originally built with khans, bazaars and markets to cater for the needs . The list of recommended tourist destinations often includes the Taj Mahal, which also appears on several lists.

The grounds are open from 06:00 to 19:00 daily for the week, except Friday when the mall is open for prayer at the mosque between 12:00 and 14:00. The building is open for night viewing on a full moon day and two days before and after that, except Friday and Ramadan.

Foreign dignitaries often visit the Taj Mahal on a trip to India. Celebrities who have visited the site include Dwight Eisenhower, Jacqueline Kennedy, Jimmy Cart.

Myths

Ever since its inception, the building has been a source of admiration beyond culture and land, so human and . An ancient legend says that Shah Jahan planned to build a mausoleum with black stones like the black Taj Mahal crossing the Yamuna River. The idea is based on the fictional writings of Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, a European traveler who visited Agra in 1665. It has been suggested that his son Aurangzeb overthrew Shahahan before it was built. Remains of black marble across the river at Mehtab Bagh seem to support this myth. However, excavations in the 1990's discovered that white, colored stones have turned black. A more reliable view of the origin of the Black Mausoleum was described in 2006 by archaeologists who rebuilt part of Lake Mehtab Bagh. The black view of the White Shrine can be clearly seen, which is due to Shah Jahan's fascination with the location of the dam itself. Heroic Empire: The Mughals of India. E Television Network. 2006.

There is no conclusive evidence of descriptive allegations, often with horrific details, death, amputation and amputation of . Other news reports say that construction stakeholders are signing contracts that they will not participate in a. Similar applications are made for many popular buildings. There is no evidence that Lord William Bentinck, the Governor-General of India in the 1830s, should have planned to demolish the Taj Maha. Bentinck historian John Rosselli says the story is based on the sale of Bentinck for discarded marble at Agra Fort.

Another legend has it that hitting the bottomless image will cause the water to come out. To this day, officials still find broken rings around the silhouette.

In 2000, India's Supreme Court rejected BN Oak's application to announce that the Hindu monarchy would establish the Taj Mahal. In 2005, the Allahabad Supreme Court dismissed a similar application. The case was brought by Ammar Nath Mishra, a social worker and preacher who claims that the Taj Mahal was built by the Hindu king Parmal Dev in 1196. Other theories suggest that the Taj Mahal was originally a Hindu temple and that Shah Jahan demolished Hindu symbols. and put Islamic symbols in their place to make themselves a graveyard. Images of the temple were hidden in a deep room and locked up.

The idea that the Taj Mahal was designed by Italian Geronimo Ferinho prevailed shortly after it was first promoted by Henry George. Another theory is that French Austin Bordeaux designed the Taj Mahal which was inspired by William Henry Solomon based on the works of Jean. These ideas were revived by Father Houston and discussed by E. It served as a basis for the ideas and arguments that followed.

A controversial but less well-known theory suggests that the Taj Mahal has replaced the Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva in the lingam fo. When Shah Jahan arrived at the site after Mumtaz's death, he demolished the temple and completely built the Taj Mahal with Islamic symbols. The real tomb of Mumtaz never contained his body, but instead contained the lingam were hidden and locked in a room below the Taj Mahal.

Another myth states that the remains of Mumtaz Mahal were not buried in Agra but in Ahokhana in Burhanpur. Shah Jahan had removed his territory from Delhi due to repeated attacks by his enemies. He settled in Shahi Quila near the Tapti River in Burhanpur sometime in the late 1620s. In the 16th century, the Mughals built Ahokhana as an open game reserve. He had a small palace where Mumtaz was buried for about six months. Historical records show that the remains of Mumtaz Mahal were kept in Ahokhana six months after his death. Although Akhukhana during its reign was a systematic site for the Royal Mughals, what remains today is a land of wild grass. Mumtaz Taj Mahal was abolished in 1653 AD According to residents of Burhanpur, Shah Jahan chose to build the Taj Mahal in Agra for three main reasons. . First, Burhanpur's soil was infested with termites, so it was impossible for him to keep the main building afloat. Second, the Emperor wanted a manifestation of the Taj Mahal on the river. Since then, the Tapti River in Burhanpur has shrunk to the size of the Yamuna River.